Four Hundred Years of Freethought, Part 1

Samuel Porter Putnam (1838 - 1896)

This is Samuel Putnam's tour of European literature which began to appear once the globe was circumnavigated and the printing press made books more available, which encouraged thinking and questioning beyond the confines of the Bible and provincial customs. It traces the modernization of education as we learned more about the universe -- astronomy, physics and science, philosophy -- and delved into understanding our own natures beyond religious constraints. It begins with Giordano Bruno, then bounces around among an array of philosophers - Bruno, Spinoza, Descartes, Locke, Spencer, Heeckel, etc., while making a sweep through Literature, the discovery of America, the French and American Revolutions, America's Civil War, playwrights like Shakespeare, agnostics like Ingersoll and Paine, the major and minor poets of Europe and America, geology, evolution, politics, nature, ethics, women's emancipation, and evaluates the influence of freethought in the Western world as of the 1890's. Putnam was a highly accomplished and prolific writer and poet, easy to follow yet often profound. (Summary by Michele Fry, BC)

Genre(s): Early Modern

Language: English

Section Chapter Reader Time
Play 00 Proem (Preface) - The Past - Bruno; The Present - Ingersoll; and The Future - The Child Michele Fry
00:07:55
Play 01 I. Introduction Michele Fry
00:14:28
Play 02 II. The Three Voyages - Columbus, Vasco de Gama, and Magellan Rita Boutros
00:20:33
Play 03 III. Before Columbus Rita Boutros
00:26:37
Play 04 IV. Astronomy Harley James
00:16:22
Play 05 V. The Reformation Larry Wilson
00:08:20
Play 06 VI.1 Philosophy: Bruno Larry Wilson
00:24:51
Play 07 VI.2 Philosophy: Spinoza Larry Wilson
00:18:05
Play 08 VII.1 Minor Philosophers: Pomponazzi Rita Boutros
00:32:16
Play 09 VII.2 Minor Philosophers: Telesio, Campanella, Vanini Cbteddy
00:16:09
Play 10 VIII.1 The Critical Philosophy: Descartes, Hobbs & Locke Michele Fry
00:14:42
Play 11 VIII.2 The Critical Philosophy: Hume & Kant Ted Lienhart
00:25:44
Play 12 VIII.3 The Critical Philosophy: Hamilton Ted Lienhart
00:21:23
Play 13 VIII.4 The Critical Philosophy: Comte Tessa Adler
00:22:01
Play 14 IX. The Final Scientific Answer - Monism Rita Boutros
00:33:34
Play 15 X.1 Education and Ethics: Bacon Kari Burns
00:32:04
Play 16 X.2 Education and Ethics: Comenius, Pestalozzi Rita Boutros
00:15:26
Play 17 X.3 Education and Ethics: Froebel & Combe Ted Lienhart
00:15:22
Play 18 X.4 Education and Ethics: Herbert Spencer & Huxley Ted Lienhart
00:21:34
Play 19 X.5 Education and Ethics: Holyoake Rita Boutros
00:20:44
Play 20 X.6 Education and Ethics: Owen & Haeckel Ted Lienhart
00:23:37
Play 21 XI.1 Literature: Provencal Ted Lienhart
00:22:25
Play 22 XI.2 Literature: Rabelais, Montaigne & Cervantes jenno
00:13:30
Play 23 XI.3 Literature:Mysteries and Moralities, Marlow Kari Burns
00:19:08
Play 24 XI.4 Literature: Shakespere Kari Burns
00:26:10
Play 25 XII Gibbon Ted Lienhart
00:43:52
Play 26 XIII.1 Voltaire JFSmoyer
00:21:31
Play 27 XIII.2 How Voltaire Died JFSmoyer
00:32:53
Play 28 XIII.3 Rousseau, Diderot, the Paris Salon C. B. Seyfarth
00:30:37
Play 29 XIII.4 The French Revolution Tatiana Chichilla
00:18:59
Play 30 XIII.5 Thomas Paine Kari Burns
00:31:30
Play 31 XIII.6 Condorcet, Volney KevinS
00:11:35
Play 32 XIV.1 Shelley-Goethe Era Michele Fry
00:24:10
Play 33 XIV.2 Shakesperean Era (Homer, Virgil & Milton) Kari Burns
00:32:56
Play 34 XIV.3 Modern Poets (Burns, Wordsworth, Scott, Keats, Byron, Lessing, Schiller & Goethe) Michele Fry
00:32:46
Play 35 XV. Geology - Age of Man; Age of Earth; Order of Evolution Harley James
00:23:52
Play 36 XVI.1 Evolution - What is Evolution? Rita Boutros
00:27:27
Play 37 XVI.2 Evolution - Methods & Proofs Rita Boutros
00:28:07
Play 38 XVI.3 Evolution - Results - Religion - Morality, Progress Rita Boutros
00:36:42
Play 39 XVII.1 Modern Europe - Politics (Kossuth, Mazzini) Ted Lienhart
00:22:42
Play 40 XVII.2 Modern Europe - Politics (Garibaldi & Proudhon) Ted Lienhart
00:20:41
Play 41 XVII.3 Modern Europe - Politics (Bakounine, Marx, Lassalle & Gambetta) Ted Lienhart
00:22:28
Play 42 XVII.4 Modern Europe - Politics (Oasteler & Bradlaugh) Ted Lienhart
00:15:56
Play 43 XVIII.1 Modern European Literature: Realism (Tennyson & Swinburne) Beeswaxcandle
00:17:22
Play 44 XVIII.2 Modern European Literature: France and Scandanavia: (Massey, Hugo, Zola & Ibsen) Beeswaxcandle
00:11:08
Play 45 XVIII.3 Modern European Literature: Russia (Pushkin, Gogol, Turgeneff, Tolstoi & Tchernychewsky) Beeswaxcandle
00:07:47
Play 46 XVIII.4 Modern European Literature: Science and Philosophy (Huxley, Tyndale, Mill, Bentham, Humboldt, Heine & Buchner Beeswaxcandle
00:10:13
Play 47 XIX.1 America Before the Civil War - Paine and Jefferson Michele Fry
00:23:22
Play 48 XIX.2 America Before the Civil War - William Lloyd Garrison Michele Fry
00:11:29
Play 49 XIX.3 America Before the Civil War - Freethought (Bryant, Poe, Thoreau & Emerson) Michele Fry
00:11:02
Play 50 XX.1 Woman's Emancipation - the Bible, the Church, the State - Before Christianity Rita Boutros
00:20:32
Play 51 XX.2 Woman's Emancipation - Woman Herself Rita Boutros
00:30:22
Play 52 XXI.1 America Today - Inside Christianity Tatiana Chichilla
00:22:17
Play 53 XXI.2 America Today - Outside Christianity; Walt Whitman Phil Chenevert
00:03:43
Play 54 XX1.3 America Today - Outside Christianity; Ingersoll Tatiana Chichilla
00:12:28