International Committee of the Red Cross (1863 - )

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland. State parties (signatories) to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 (Protocol I, Protocol II) and 2005 have given the ICRC a mandate to protect victims of international and internal armed conflicts. Such victims include war wounded, prisoners, refugees, civilians, and other non-combatants. The ICRC is the oldest and most honored organization within the movement, having won three Nobel Peace Prizes in 1917, 1944, and 1963.